D. the Maginot Line. . issued Executive Order 8802. c.) b.) Allied victory brought an end to Nazi terror in Europe in May 1945, and to the war in the Pacific in August. How did Hitler gain territory between 1930-1938? On December 11, 1941, Germany responded by declaring war on the United States, bringing American military forces into the European and Pacific conflicts on a global scale. How did the bombing of Pearl Harbor lead to the entry of the United States into a war against Germany? Facing History & Ourselves uses lessons of history to challenge teachers and their students to stand up to bigotry and hate. c.) It granted Germany a testing ground for new technology. A. acknowledged The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. American soldiers could not get close enough to Japan to launch an effective invasion. A. WACs worked in factories that produced weapons for the war effort. He needed to open a second front to relieve pressure on his troops on the eastern front. The United States long reserved its most lucrative occupations for an elite class of white men. D. Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia "The group that benefited most, economically, from wartime production was U.S soldiers." increasingly took on more global responsibilities. On December 7, 1941 Japanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, inflicting heavy casualties and severe damage to the United States naval forces anchored there. c.) In Article 2, Principle 1, what does sovereign mean? B. A. C) not have to listen to unfavorable views. C. an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe. A) She refuses to imagine the alternative. D) Germany was forced to fight a war on two fronts. One event leading up to World War II was implementing the Nuremberg Laws which refused German citizenship to Jews. B. the Tripartite Pact created the Office of Price Administration. This request resulted in approximately four and one half hours of recordings that were used to create a fifteen-minute radio program for the Mutual Broadcasting System. In December 1920, in the context of this isolationism, the international influenza pandemic, and a postwar economic recession, the US House of Representatives voted to end all immigration to the United States for one year. The only significant attempt to pass a law to aid refugees came in 1939, when Democratic Senator Robert Wagner of New York and Republican Congresswoman Edith Rogers of Massachusetts introduced legislation in both houses of Congress that would allow 20,000 German refugee children under the age of 14 into the country over two years outside of the immigration quotas. c.) The United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention granted legal protection to refugees but placed limitations on qualifying for refugee status. China. To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication his decisive victory at the Battle of Guadalcanal. drastically cut back its defense industries. the League of Nations. Why did the US join the Second World war in 1941? Prevention of Soviet expansion in Asia. B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. British concerns over its border security in the Atlantic. What was the Atlantic Charter? The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. B. to force Japan into fighting a two-front war and gain strategic positions from which to attack Why is Frank hopeful that the Nazi reign will end? "We were informed that our corporation would remain subject to antitrust regulations." B. leading the charge at Omaha Beach during the Allied invasion at Normandy. Students review the documents and videos from previous lessons and consider what information supports, expands, or challenges their thinking about the essay. Five million women entered the workforce between 1940-1945. The new immigration law reserved 6% of each years visas for people who were fleeing persecution in communist areas or the Middle East, or had escaped after a natural disaster. B. separate B) head of the United Nations Security Council D. flying more successful bombing missions over Japan than any other pilot in the war. concur\hspace{1cm}_______ing \hspace{1cm}______ed \hspace{1cm}______ent\hspace{1cm}______ence, Identify the following term or individual and explain their significance. The American forces liberated Paris and much of occupied France. What did the dictators of totalitarian systems have in common? B. A. Japanese attacks on U.S. ships trading with China. c.) B) 710,000 people. But now this isnt so bad anymore. Japan targeted civilian populations when they dropped bombs on the Allied Powers. Although the IRO constitution was drawn up in December 1946, the organization did not begin work until 1948, when the nations paying the majority of the IROs expenses had ratified the constitution. A) United States revealed its plan to use the atomic bomb. supporting the United States in the war against Japan C. c.) it halted the Japanese advance and put them on the defensive. He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. C) U.S. entry into World War II. On August 9, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill first met aboard the cruiser USS Augusta. It would be difficult to make them surrender. Usually there was bipartisan support for most US foreign policy initiatives. Through the end of World War II the United States would use it to provide a total of some $50 billion in aid (equal to $690 billion in 2020 dollars) to more than 30 nations around the globe, from . What demographic effects did the war have on northern cities such as Detroit and Chicago? Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. After World War II, the United States of America entered a period of material abundance, caused largely by increased production. ", a.) C. the British Royal Air Force They mobilized all their armored divisions in Italy for a supposed invasion there. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car." What was the primary goal of the U.S. strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific? Refugees are granted the right to work, to housing, to education, to public assistance, to freedom of movement within the territory, and cannot be punished for illegal entry. buying and selling coupon books for rationed goods. Japanese Americans were allowed to serve in the military. D. b.) \underline{\hspace{3cm}} Fierce, wild dogs are inhabitants of the island, too. "The government rejected deficit spending as a way to finance war production." With men off to fight a worldwide war across the Atlantic and the Pacific, women were called to take their place on the production line. On July 1, 1941, the same day that the new relatives rule went into effect, the State Department centralized all alien visa control in Washington. B. less denouncement b.) With President Trumans encouragement, Congress passed limited legislation to aid European displaced persons, including Holocaust survivors. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific . Presumably, the agreement to safeguard the identity of these persons was intentional, as some of the interviewees worked for the Federal government and/or otherwise required anonymity in order to participate. Mario likes diving\underline{\text{diving}}diving best of all sports. A. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. b.) forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. A. In 1951, the United Nations adopted the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, which has been signed by 145 nations. C) mobilization brought economic benefits to the United States. D. American women and minorities found new opportunities. d) Americans experienced a series of military losses. Admiral Nimitz was able to secure a decisive victory against the Japanese naval forces at the Battle of Midway because Why was Churchill reluctant to launch a massive Allied offensive at Normandy? The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. Included in this presentation are Pete Seeger's "Dear Mr. President" and "The Martins and Coys.". Public opinion was more in line with Congress than Truman: an April 1948 poll showed that 53% of Americans disapproved of the plan to allow 200,000 displaced persons to enter, compared with 40% who approved. b.) purchasing government war bonds. While the Nazis took control of Germany and planned for war in Europe, Japan aggressively expanded its control of territory in east Asia by invading Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937. Wallace would later become a crucial part of the US Navy, and serve as a Corpsman in the Pacific Theater. B. It would require fewer resources and pave the way for an Allied invasion of Italy. Why did the Allies decide to wage a campaign in North Africa rather than the European mainland? 300 seconds. a.) World War Two ended finally in the summer of nineteen forty-five. World War II, also called Second World War, conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939-45. The relationship between the Allies was complicated by As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. Rhetoric refers to the art of using words effectively to communicate. "The government paid most of the costs for my company to convert to wartime production. . Fears of infiltration and espionage led to additional restrictions on visa applicants. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II and financed the Allied war effort, and helped defeat Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in the European theater. To control rent and other consumer prices after the start of World War II, the Office of Price Administration was established. B) the course of the war turned in favor of the Axis Powers. A. D. C. Americans suffered heavy losses at Pearl Harbor. As a consequence, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and American women became more aggressive in trying to win their full freedoms and civil rights as guaranteed by the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution during the postwar era. After the United States entered World War II, A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. designated certain areas as war zones. Why was Roosevelt's "Quarantine" speech in 1937 widely criticized by Americans at the time? The preamble mentions "the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind." From our 21st-century point of view, it is hard to imagine World War II without the United States as a major participant. Which of these countries took an isolationist approach to foreign policy in the 1930s? d.) Yet the United States would not enter the war until it was attacked directly. c.) . Under Article 33, known as the non-refoulement provision, refugees cannot be returned against their will to a place in which they would be endangered. Thirty-five years after they won that apology and survivors of prison camps received $20,000 each . B. through the sale of coupon books for consumer goods They believed Germany would be easily defeated, freeing up forces to join the conflict in the Pacific. A. a pact signed by Great Britain and the United States that endorsed certain principles for building a lasting peace and establishing free governments in the world was able to return its focus to domestic issues. Building on the economic base left after the war, American society became more affluent in the postwar years than most Americans could have imagined in their wildest dreams before or during the war. D) demonstrate the power of nuclear weapons. C.It endorsed national self-determination for the post-war world. B. the enforced rationing of consumer goods. A) gathered widespread support for the creation of a Jewish homeland. C) the prohibition of dictatorships like the Soviet Union. . "We were faced with the possibility of deportation even though we were U.S. a.) What did the existence of kamikaze pilots reveal about the Japanese military? C) the independence of former British colonies in the Middle East The 1951 Convention defines the obligations of signatory nations to refugees, and vice versa. D. Students incorporate new evidence from the history of the Weimar era into the position they are developing. The United Nations Refugee Protocol of 1967 established the current international norms for defining and dealing with refugees, and 146 countries, including the United States, have signed this protocol. C. He created the American Red Cross to assist soldiers and their families. (This happened just as the systematic, mass murder of the Jews began with the German invasion of the Soviet Union.) A. collect money for the war effort through the sale of war bonds. laborers migrated from Mexico to work on farms in the West. Wallace was born on January 9, 1922 in Salt Lake City, Utah and registered for the draft on June 30, 1942. Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, Americans were seriously divided over what the role of the United States in the war should be, or if it should even have a role at all. The Senate did not believe the emergency warranted this dramatic step but was willing to significantly restrict the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. D. the Selective Service Act, What was the world reaction to these aggressive actions? In what periods was the Mississippi River a national boundary, and why was control of the river important for the United States? The roots of World War II, which eventually pitted Germany, Japan, and Italy (the Axis) against the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union (the Allies), lay in the militaristic ideologies and expansionist policies of Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan. More colleges and universities were built in the United States. contributing to a "black market" for consumer goods. went through a period of economic instability. d.) D. The U.S. rejected Japan's demand of expansion. B) the Great Depression destroyed U.S. foreign trade. "The government issued a defense contract with our company, but we were not guaranteed a profit." Public policy, like the so-called GI Bill of Rights passed in 1944, provided money for veterans to attend college, to purchase homes, and to buy farms. Even the 300,000 combat deaths suffered by Americans paled in comparison to any other major belligerent. A. the federal government seized control of factories in order to increase war production. avenging the attack on Pearl Harbor B. economic equality A major factor that led to US involvement in World War II was the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Following World War I, the United States hoped to avoid further entanglement with European politics that had drawn us into war. It was scattered and disorganized. C) the Allies invaded Germany from Denmark and Sweden. The 1953 Refugee Relief Act defined refugee (someone in a non-Communist country fleeing persecution), escapee (someone fleeing communism), and expellee" (an ethnic German forced out of Eastern Europe). A) the war in Europe was over. Pages 4 Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. But within two years of the end of the war, new challenges and perceived threats had arisen to erode that confidence. The image and reality of overall economic prosperity--and the upward mobility it provided for many white Americans--was not lost on those who had largely been excluded from the full meaning of the American Dream, both before and after the war. C) victory over Germany and Japan In an attempt to prevent American interference in the Pacific war, Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, the US naval station in Hawaii, in a surprise attack on December 7, 1941. How were the Allies able to keep the planned invasion at Normandy a secret from the Nazis? The IRO ceased operations on January 31, 1952, as most of its work had been taken over by other organizations, most significantly the United Nations High Commission on Refugees, an office created in 1951. The Nazi forces were crippled by having to use their reserve forces and supplies. Choose the statement that describes an effect of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Invite students to reflect on why it matters who tells our stories as they view a documentary film about the profound courage and resistance of the Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. How did the countrys reasons for fighting the war, as articulated by Roosevelt, differ from those of Germany. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. The experience of World War I had a . B) She thinks suffering always comes to a close. Origins. How did the Neutrality Act of 1939 differ from the previous Neutrality Acts passed by Congress in 1935, 1936, and 1937? C. To protect Australia from a Japanese invasion, a.) Q. A. the Atlantic Charter D. a German airborne force who rescued Mussolini from a mountaintop fortress in Italy. B. The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. 4. his heroic conduct in Guam and the Philippines. Our headquarters are located at: 89 South Street, Suite 401, Boston, MA 02111. D) three quarters, The Jewish population of Romania was reduced by approximately A. new Geneva Convention agreements about prisoners. "As a business owner, I had to begin to deduct a federal income tax from my employees' paychecks. Using the strategies from Facing History is almost like an awakening. "Since the government guaranteed a profit on sales, our corporation accepted a defense contract. Before a Joint Session of Congress on December 8, 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt called the attack "a date which will live in . Industry stopped . Why was the United States reluctant to launch a land invasion of Japan? C. holding off a German offensive by himself after ordering his troops to withdraw. D. WACs did important jobs, including driving trucks and clerical work, for the United States Army. answer choices. B. In the twenty years following 1945, there was a broad political consensus concerning the Cold War and anti-Communism. Hours later, the United States declared war on both countries. Japan had also developed the atomic bomb D) The United States considered them enemy combatants. a.) C. He warned that there were "hard and bitter days ahead," but pledged that the United States and its allies would "have Ukraine's back" as the war . A) the Axis pushed back the Allied advance from the Soviet Union. Those men held power by selling everyone else a myth: The biggest threat to workers like you are . A. Roosevelt placed an embargo on Japan. c.) ", c.) The United Nations High Commission on Refugees assists member nations in establishing and carrying out procedures to process claims and review decisions. To convince islanders to support the United States against Japan D. supreme. Draw two lines under each verb. B) the coup which put Hitler into power in 1933. "We arranged sit-ins and other protests around Washington, D.C., as a part of our Double V Campaign." B. "Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression. C. He worried it would fail because the German U-boat presence in the English Channel was too strong. B. Interventionists thought aid would bring us into war; isolationists thought aid would keep us out of the war. They created a decoy army using cardboard tanks across the Channel from Calais. Americans and the Holocaust online exhibition, Teaching Materials on Americans and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Library bibliography: The United States and the Holocaust, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. a.) C) They felt it would divert too many resources away from their military operations elsewhere. "We began a civil rights campaign to achieve both a victory in Europe and a victory over racism in the U.S.", Choose the statement that best reflects the experiences of Japanese Americans after the United States entered World War II. Students connect themes from the film to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's concept of single stories," and then consider what it would take to tell more equitable and accurate narratives. Which policy best demonstrates appeasement during the 1930s? The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of . A) travel anywhere within the country. A. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. The Senate passed a bill on June 2, 1948, the House passed another on June 11, and a hurried compromise ensued, finally reaching the president on the final day of the congressional session. They had significant military value that helped to keep Japan in the war. With the support of President Gerald Ford, Congress passed a law in 1975 to allow more than 130,000 South Vietnamese and Cambodians to enter the United States, and President Jimmy Carter permitted 15,000 refugees who had escaped southeast Asia by boat to become permanent US residents in 1977. b.) To protect Soviet troops in France. D) the beginning of World War II. C. A large number of African Americans migrated there from the South to work in the factories. . D. the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor. d.) Why did the Allies refuse to bomb railway lines to the Nazi death camps? A. Since 1980, the United States has had a defined procedure for carrying out the countrys agreed-upon duties under the protocol. A. through the sale of government issued war bonds C. the military did not expand quickly until after the creation of the draft. defend New York City against a nuclear attack. American neutrality in the first years of the war in Europe. D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car. D. intercept enemy intelligence and relay it to the troops on the frontlines. "Over 90% of us were relocated against our will to assembly centers during the war." A portion of this project aimed to create documentary recordings of Americans from around the country who described their lives, sang their songs, and told the stories of their own regions. e) no Americans were taken prisoner by the Japanese. When did the United States enter World War II? "Over 90% of us were relocated against our will to assembly centers during the war." c.) D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? C. opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers. It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts. How did the Nazi regime differ most from the Japanese government in the 1930s? b.) C) She maintains an optimistic view of humankind. The United Nations was formed after World War II as the successor to which failed organization? This online presentation includes one essay: "Making and Maintaining the Original Recordings." C) restricted the number of countries that accepted Jewish refugees. After the United States entered World War II Congress acted to provide for the expedited naturalization of noncitizens serving honorably in the U.S. Armed Forces. d.) A large number of African Americans left there to work in shipyards on the West Coast. D. Japanese Americans feared that Japan would try to punish them for siding with the United States in the war. Choose which phrase was a factor in President Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. Had this amendment been enacted, American response to the refugee crisis in the 1930s may have been quite different. Unit 3 Challenge Questions/ The United States, Sophia U.S. History 2 Unit 4 Milestone Study, Sophia.org U.S. History II - UNIT 4 - CHALLEN, Vulnerability Scans, Security and Controls, Sophia.org U.S. History II - FINAL MILESTONE, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment. The 1941 recordings were made as a part of the the Library of Congress' Radio Research Project. For each word at the left, complete the four derivatives indicated. C) almost one third The Vietnam War is the commonly used name for the Second Indochina War, 1954-1975. d.) B) provide the "Final Solution to the Jewish Question." B. D. It gave Germany a pledge of military support from the Soviet Union. After Germanys annexation of Austria and with the advice of the State Department, a group of Jewish congressmen met and decided not to introduce any new legislation to expand immigration to aid Jewish refugees. The new law reflected anti-Catholic, antisemitic sentiment in the country. The Johnson-Reed Act also mandated that potential immigrants present their paperwork and receive US immigration visas at consulates abroad, prior to leaving for the United States. B. C. The labor demands of war industries caused millions more Americans to move--largely to the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf coasts where most defense plants located. What is gangsterism? B) They needed the railway lines to expedite the delivering of supplies to the front lines. A. more denouncement Before the Holocaust, approximately how much of Europe's Jewish population lived in Poland? D) more than 20 years. B. The so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles in 1943 were a result of A) They were still unaware of the death camps' existence at that point. . General Patton had already turned down the position. Visual evidence of the Holocaust, shown in popular magazines, newspapers and movie theater newsreels, did not change Americans minds towards immigration or refugees. Alan Lomax was serving as folklore consultant for the project when he sent the December 8, 1941 telegram, asking fieldworkers to collect "man-on-the-street" reactions. B) join political organizations. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. Several bills were introduced to aid refugees; many more were introduced to curb or end immigration. D. This is a timeline of events of World War II in 1939, from the start of the war on 1 September 1939.For events preceding September 1, 1939, see the timeline of events preceding World War II.. Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, and Britain and France's declaration of war on Germany two days later marks the beginning of World War II. A. A combination of presidential directives and congressional legislation aided other specific groups of refugees. The front lines farms in the summer of nineteen forty-five U.S soldiers. `` as a participant. Law reflected anti-Catholic, antisemitic sentiment in the Pacific in August refugee crisis in the 1930s May been! Headquarters are located at: 89 South Street, Suite 401, Boston, MA 02111 African migrated. Population lived in Poland Martins and Coys. `` to Jews a. WACs worked in that! 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